Bill Gates The Ultimate Pinnacle Behind The Success Of...

Technology has progressed so far within these last few decades. Before then, people ran much simpler lives, but now it is as if we cannot live 1 day without digital technology surrounding us wherever we may approach. From computers all the way to our handheld cellphones, the advancement of our society is easily discovered. Though, we may have amazing computers of today, these desktops come from a long history. One of the most successful businesses in the industry, Microsoft, was the absolute pinnacle behind the success of such advances today. Behind all of this as well was the philanthropist himself, Bill Gates. Bill Gates, one of the most successful and influencing men in all of human history, was a direct asset to the success of windows, and without him, the world we live could be much more different than it is now. Ever since Bill Gates was a young child, he had always loved computers and the way they function. While enrolled in Seattle’s Lakeside School, his mother was fortunate enough to purchase a machine for the school. This machine was a teletype terminal and Bill Gates immediately took a distinctive romance to the way that computers functioned. While at this school, he met Paul Allen. Later towards the end of school for Bill Gates, he would go into business with Paul and would program together. They were so good at what they did, they netted over $20,000 in terms of profits. Soon after Bill Gates would continue to try and pursue a career and start hisShow MoreRelatedTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pagessolid and available for the project manager to resource when problems arise, it often leads to many of the other problems listed above (wrong people in the wrong roles, scope creep, etc.). 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Informative Speech on Alcatraz - 1097 Words

Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: To inform the class Specific Purpose: To describe to the audience a brief history of Alcatraz. Thesis: Alcatraz has been a popular social topic because of the mystery that surrounds it and the stories exaggerated in movies and television shows. INTRODUCTION I. If you disobey the rules of society, they send you to prison; if you disobey the rules of the prison, they send you to Alcatraz. II. Alcatraz has been a popular social topic because of the mystery that surrounds it and the stories of mistreatment and escape attempts exaggerated in movies and television shows. III. Alcatraz served as the federal government’s response to post-prohibition America. Both the institution and the men†¦show more content†¦At Alcatraz, there was not special treatment for any inmate, though many tried. C. As quoted in a report by the Bureau of Prisons, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ Alcatraz served an important purpose in taking the strain off the older and greatly overcrowded institutions†¦ since it enabled us to move the smaller, closely guarded escape artists, the big-time racketeers†¦ and those who needed protection from other groups†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Now that you know the kind of prisoners that were sent to Alcatraz, II. I will discuss life on the island and as an inmate in the prison. A. Each prisoner received a copy of the Rules and Regulations for the Government†¦ Correctional Institutions as well as a copy of the warden’s special rules that explained the daily routine of work and counts. The inmates were awakened at 6:30am to begin their day. They were required to clean up themselves and their cell and required to shave three times a week. B. Alcatraz was to be operated on the principle of very limited privileges to inmates. The privilege of visitors had to be earned, and mail privileges were limited. They each held jobs within the prison in the tailor shop, laundry, cobblers shop, model shop, gardening, or help with the food prep in the mess hall. C. Contrary to what the movies portray, there were no experiments made on the prisoners, and the inmates that were transferred there were already twisted and disturbed; Alcatraz didn’t turn them into monsters. There was however, a dungeon that prisoners wereShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech Outline on Alcatraz1081 Words   |  5 Pages* Alcatraz Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: To inform the class Specific Purpose: To describe to the audience a brief history of Alcatraz. Thesis: Alcatraz has been a popular social topic because of the mystery that surrounds it and the stories exaggerated in movies and television shows. INTRODUCTION I. If you disobey the rules of society, they send you to prison; if you disobey the rules of the prison, they send you to Alcatraz. II. Alcatraz has been a popular social topicRead MoreInformative Speech Outline on Alcatraz Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages* Alcatraz Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: To inform the class Specific Purpose: To describe to the audience a brief history of Alcatraz. Thesis: Alcatraz has been a popular social topic because of the mystery that surrounds it and the stories exaggerated in movies and television shows. INTRODUCTION I. If you disobey the rules of society, they send you to prison; if you disobey the rules of the prison, they send you to Alcatraz. II. Alcatraz has been a popular social topic

African American Civil Rights †Short Essay Free Essays

African American Civil rights The African American people were the real winners of the Civil Rights Movement. For nearly two centuries blacks had little to no civil liberties whatsoever. In a country that was founded and declared by our founding fathers as a nation â€Å"†¦for the people, by the people, and of the people† African Americans were not even considered as fellow citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on African American Civil Rights – Short Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now A century of slavery and half a century of Jim Crows segregation laws, the African American people were finally victorious when the civil rights act of 1964 and the Voting Rights act of 1965 were passed. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities and women. Congress finally asserted their authority to regulate interstate commerce under Article One (section 8). Their duty is to guarantee all citizens equal protection including African Americans under the laws of the Fourteenth Amendment. Also the fourteenth Amendment protects voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibits the government from denying any citizen the ability, or right to vote based on race or color. For so long African Americans have been held back due to slavery and Jim Crow laws. After Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) racial segregation was necessary in all public facilities under the doctrine of â€Å"separate but equal†. The fact of the matter is that whites and blacks were never equal, just separate. Jim Crow laws were adopted throughout the south to alienate black citizens and physically separate African Americans and whites. These laws institutionalized segregation of African Americans and whites and did not allow access use of the same schools, hospitals, prisons, public parks, housing communities, and even restrooms. Lets remember these facilities were completely unequal. The white facilities were obviously more luxurious in every way, and throughout the whole country it was obvious that in no section blacks were treated equal. The most important goal of these laws was to keep blacks from voting. Whites realized that once blacks were able to vote freely they truly were equal to every citizen. The best way they kept blacks from voting was through literacy tests. Through all the efforts whites were putting to keep blacks from voting they have been successful allowing less than 10% of blacks voting in the south in 1910. These segregation laws stayed until Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which overturned the ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson. The decision stated that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. It was realized after this that racial segregation was ruled a violation of the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This decision paved the way for integration in the south and throughout the United States and was a major win in the civil rights movement. Blacks were most successfully when they were organized. The organized bus boycott, sit-ins, freedom rides, and march on Washington brought national attention to the war on civil rights. Martin Luther King Jr. led these events; his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech is world famous now due to the significance of the civil rights movement. These demonstrations were pivotal for the African American community in declaring their liberty. Finally when the Civil rights Act of 1964 passed along with the Voting Rights Act of 1965, discrimination because of race was outlawed and any color human being could vote. Blacks were finally free and were the true winners of the civil rights movement 1950s and 1960s. They were finally equal and there rights were fully instilled. (Sources: The Logic of American Politics) How to cite African American Civil Rights – Short Essay, Essay examples

How I Got To Where I Am Today free essay sample

My name is Cam, in 2010 1 was only 13 years old growing up in the city of Detroit Michigan. Life was hard for my family, dad had a minimum wage job at the car factory while my mom was going through a recovery treatment for her crack addiction. Had 2 sisters, 11 and 9 years old. We lived in an apartment complex with at least 20 apartments and a swimming pool in the middle, it was the most broken down building ever built in 1973. I had a small circle of friends Kevin, Desman, Marquis, Mark and Jimmy.After school all we did was go to the YMCA across from the C.V. 2 blocks down from school and nag out in the lobby, always spitting bars practicing at least 3 hours a day every day since 2008. Out Of all Of us I was the best, I had the Rhymes that turn your mind to stone. Kevin always competed with me for who was the best, him and I always rap battled but 2/3 times I came out on top. We will write a custom essay sample on How I Got To Where I Am Today or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There were also these kids that made a gang called Pop$Ted, they were the biggest wannabes in school. They tried to rap and spit better bars than I did, but once it came to free-styling, was merely impeccable.As time went by we each got better and better, by 2013 1 was now 16. My mom was working in Wall-Mart and dad was promoted to factory manager, life was looking good as far as getting fed and buying clothes. At my school, rapping was a corona interest among all the young and old high school students. Every 3 years SST. Bishops secondary high school held a singing competition at the end of May, this was the final year I could enter since graduates cant. Its also county wide (the whole city) anyone from grades 7-12 could enter with any style of singing. The grand prize was 45,000$, the competition fee was 50$ per person and sickest were sold for 1 5$ each, there were about 2,000 people that attended to win, the audience was at least 10,000 people. This all went down behind the school since there were so many people. Right now it was mid-February, my friend Jimmys friend Kindlier had a dad that knew some people in the local music industry. He was aware of my ability and thought I had great potential, great free styling was very hard to come by. Mr.. Jordan (Snickers dads associate) entered me in a small local rap battle which was in the most ghetto part of town. With people ranging from 18-40, was so young and frail ad to keep protection with me in this dangerous area. So it was the first round of the battle, there was a bracket for the match. I was paired up against a rapper by the name of ETC-9000, it was his turn first. He got a lot of claps and whistling honestly he wasnt half bad. When I stepped up to the microphone, the audience was in complete and utter silence probably due to my size and age. I started off slow then ended with at least a quatrain in my stanza/verse twice! Burning him and his existence.The crowd went wild, easily the most satisfying moment of my entire life. ETC-9000 was so moved by this moment he walked off the stage with his head down and sunglasses on, getting booed at constantly. After a long 2 hours of 4 rounds and watching other people, finally made the final round. I was against a man they called Slim Shady. This man was 62, frail, white, with bleach blonde hair. Went first starting off very fast and ending with 6 long traces. He easily beat me without a sweat on his back, He spit 6 quatrains within the time it took me to spit 3 traces. He won the main prize of 2,000$ while I got nothing. I mourned for a ewe days, knowing had to increase my vocabulary and practice rhyming with new schemes and techniques. My daily routine of rapping with my friends was on and off since I was studying the dictionary and reading lots of books. When did rap with my circle, they started noticing obvious improvement because I was actually trying now. Since there werent many rap battles with prizes in the area had to stay looked until the school competition. Around May 23rd I was prepping my final freestyle for the competition which was in 4 days, I thought it was the most perfect song Ive ever written.

Voluntary Corporate Governance Structure †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Voluntary Corporate Governance Structure. Answer: Introduction: The sale of shares in Jefferies Industries Limited conducted on 28 April 1995 was held to be in contravention of section 995 and 998 of the Corporations Act. The appellant, Fame, preferred an appeal against this finding and pleaded to set aside the order. ASC contended that the findings were relevant and that other share transactions conducted by Fame in Jefferies contravened section 995 and 998 of the Corporations Law. As per the facts of the case, Jefferies is a public company, shares are listed on the Stock Exchange, and appellant had all its shares held in Jefferies. Mr. J F OHalloran exercises control over the Fame and was director of the Jefferies formerly. The sale of the shares was conducted in the manner in which Stock Exchange Automated Trading System (SEATS) operates. As per the SEATS system, if Fame wishes to sell shares in Jefferies, it is important that bids are accepted in the sequence mentioned in the evidence. The transaction of shares that was held on 28 April gave rise to several disputes among various persons with respect to the significance of such transactions regarding the conversion of the preference shares. The appellate court was required to determine the primary issue whether sales of 20000 shares of Jefferies at 14c and 74000 shares of Jefferies at 13c were in contravention of section 995 and 998 of the Corporations Law. The appellant was held to have committed a breach of section 998 and 995 of the Act while selling the shares of Jefferies. According to section 998(1) of the Corporations Act, any person is forbidden from creating or acting with an intention or any such conduct is likely to create any false or misleading appearance with respect to the market for the price of or for any securities. This provision is a counterpart of section 124 of the present Australian statute of Securities Industry Act 1980 (Cth) and section 70 of the Securities Industry Act 1970 (NSW) and section 9 (a) (i) and 10 (b) of the Securities Exchange Act 1934 (USA) and Rule 10b-5 that was incorporated in pursuant of section 10(b). According to section 995 of the Corporations law states that no person is permitted to engage in conduct that is misleading or deceptive or is likely to mislead or deceive while dealing in securities (Coffee, Sale Henderson, 2015). This provision was incorporated having regard to section 52 of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth). The primary objective behind the incorporation of this provision was simple and rational as the legislature believed that section 52 is applicable to several cases with respect to securities, hence there should be a similar provision that shall deal with cases involving conduct of the parties engaged in securities. In this case, the conduct of the appellant, Fame, with respect to sales of shares in Jefferies was held to be misleading and deceptive towards the third parties. Critical analysis of the decision Mr. O Halloran adduced evidence for justifying his conduct while placing orders on 28 April, that he was under the pressure of obtaining quick cash for the purpose of fulfilling his financial commitments (Sealy Worthington, 2013). The court did not consider his contention and did not rely on his evidence. As per the findings of Cohen J with respect to the evidence adduced by Mr. OHalloran, he was not under any financial pressure and that he had sufficient money to pay off any urgent debts. This establishes the fact that OHalloran did not have any need to obtain quick cash and deliberately sold the last 94000 shares on 28 April at a price that was lower than the former sale price. His conduct reveals that he intentionally created an artificially low figure for conversion calculation that were made in respect of preference shares. The appellant argued that his conduct cannot be held as misleading and that he was not engaged in any form of manipulative conduct. He further argued that on 28 April he had an intention to take the advantage of and grab the opportunity available in the market situation. However, such situation did not result from any form of collusion between the appellant and any other person (Hannigan, 2015). The appellant agreed to the fact that he acted in his own interest and wanted to obtain financial benefits. The appellant acknowledged that he went accepted the various offers to purchase shares in Jefferies that had been placed in the market before 28 April and were still in place. The appellant went into the market before the close of trading on 28 April and cleared all the current offers that were available to purchase the shares at the current offer prices. As discussed above that section 998 of the Corporation law forbids a person from creating anything in market that is false or misleading in its appearance for the sake of price of any securities, the appellant contends that his conduct does not amounts to any misleading or false appearance. In this context, the court referred to North v Marra Development Ltd [1981] HCA 68; [1981] 148 CLR 42 to explain the purpose of section 998 of the Corporations Act. The case dealt with section 70 of the Securities Industry Act 1970 (NSW), which aims at safeguarding the securities market against activities that would lead to managed or artificial manipulation (French et al., 2014). The section aims at ensuring that the market signifies the forced of genuine demand and supply. The phrase genuine supply and demand exclude s any buyers and sellers who conduct transactions for the purpose of maintaining or setting the market price. The closing statement with respect to the phrase genuine supply and demand is applicable to the issue raised in the present case. The court opined that section 998 aims at protecting the integrity of the share market and that while demonstrating the interactions of supply and demand forces, it may become subjected to various imperfections including mismatches of information, thus, destroying its integrity (Miglani, Ahmed Henry, 2015). Moreover, the conduct of the seller who trades shares, calculating effect sales at the lowest instead of highest obtainable price with a view to avert the chance of other purchasers bidding up the price, signifies both the effect and purpose of creating an artificial market and price. As was contended by Fame that there was no collusion when he went to the market immediately before the closing of trading on 28 April, was not taken into consideration. This is because, the court was of opinion that there is a distinction between the individual buyers and the market who had the opportunity to make current bids immediately before the close of trading on 28 April. This establishes that the impact of Fames conduct on the market with respect to the shares in Jefferies and the market price was not at all incidental. This further establishes the fact that primary object of Fames conduct was to influence the market price on 28 April 1995. Now, with respect to section 995 of the Corporations Law, which prohibits a person from engaging into any, conduct that is misleading or deceptive or is likely to mislead or deceive, and the present case states that Cameron securities and James Capel, the third parties were not mislead or deceived. Further, they did not make any compliant about the conduct of the appellant, Fame. The offer made to sell shares to James Capel and Cameron securities rather their acceptance to the offers made to purchase the shares and neither the sale nor purchasing contract that was made in isolation between them and the appellant amounted to any deceptive or misleading conduct. They had the intention to have legal effect, which all the parties dealing with the securities market usually wish to achieve (Chitimira, 2015). Nevertheless, the conduct of Fame with respect to the connection with the sales shall amount to misleading or deceptive conduct that intended to deceive or mislead the third parties who were interested in the share market in Jefferies. This is because the third parties were misled to presume that market prices demonstrated the genuine interaction of forces supply and demand and that they did not have any reason to expect that the seller was seeking to sell off the shares to the lowest bidders and eliminate any possibility of emergence of higher bidder. This establishes the fact that the appellant had failed to comply with section 995 of the Corporations law, by engaging into a deceptive or a misleading conduct while dealing in securities. The findings made with respect to the contravention of section 995 were held correct (Bromberg, Gilligan Ramsay, 2016). Dissenting Judgment However, in a dissenting judgment, Priestly JA was of the opinion that the appellant did not exhibit any conduct that was misleading or deceptive and merely sold shares for prices offered to any holder of the shares who wished to sell them off at such prices. The appellant did nothing more than accepting the offers made as per the rules of the market to purchase the Jefferies shares at the stipulated prices (Grinblatt Titman, 2016). Further, the knowledge situation regarding the conversion of the preference shares was publicly available, independently of the appellant. The appellant was merely acting to obtain a financially advantageous position using the available information and sold shares as per the market procedures. While the appellant was acting to achieve financial advantage, had no intention to cause any misleading or deceptive appearance in relation to the market or for the prices of the shares to the disadvantage of Jefferies. The appellant had the intention to close the market price to his advantage. The conduct of the appellant does not establish the fact that he was engaged in any conduct that was misleading or deceptive in appearance and the impact of the conduct of the appellant is reflected from what actually happened in the securities market. The circumstances that arose on 28 April when the appellant sold his shares were not foreseeable by the Jefferies and resulted to the disadvantage of Jefferies. On the contrary, Jefferies created a market environment, which lead the market procedure and had fallen into its own pit. In other words, Jefferies made rules regarding the converting shares and the appellant merely took advantage which any reasonable person in position of the appellant who held 170000 shares in Jefferies, would have exhibited the same conduct. The appellant had taken full advantage of an advantageous situation (Cumming, Dannhauser Johan, 2015). It is difficult to believe how the appellant who did not do more than selling shares according to the market procedures. The appellant followed procedures without engaging into collusion or any connivance, hence it cannot be established that the appellant has been engaged in any form of collusion or any deceptive conduct. The motivation of the appellant is the only factor that could be used against the appellant otherwise, there are no instances that could establish that the appellant was engaged in any deceptive or misleading conduct. The action or conduct of the appellant does not establish the fact that the appellant had contravened sections 995 and 988 of the Corporations Law. Any other form of conclusion may be concluded with respect to the appellants sale of shares in relation to the twenty-six and eight cents and twenty-five cents. However, these sales were not considered to be in contravention of section 959 and 988 of the Corporation law. It is also very difficult to understand how at one point of time a seller is allowed to accept lawful standing offers at twenty-five cents and the same seller is prohibited to accept another offer at thirteen cents. Hence, the appeal should be upheld with costs (Huang Howson, 2017). Impact of the decision According to the Corporations Act, the directors are required to act in the best interest of the company and in the event of conflict between the personal interest and the interest of the company; the directors are required to give more priority to the interest of the company. They are under statutory obligation to act in good faith and exercise due care and diligence while carrying out business operations (Aobdia Shroff, 2017). In order to determine whether the directors are discharging their responsibilities with care and diligence, any reasonable person should be exercising such care and diligence in the same position under same circumstances. As discussed in the present case, it is imperative for the corporations to ensure that the business operations or the directors of the company are not engaged in any conduct that is misleading or deceptive or is likely to deceive or mislead third parties. Reference list Aitken, M. J., Harris, F. H. D. B., Ji, S. (2015). A worldwide examination of exchange market quality: Greater integrity increases market efficiency.Journal of Business Ethics,132(1), 147-170. Aobdia, D., Shroff, N. (2017). Regulatory oversight and auditor market share.Journal of Accounting and Economics,63(2), 262-287. Austin, J. E. (2016). When Insider Trading and Market Manipulation Cross Jurisdictions: What Are the Challenges For Securities Regulators and How Can They Best Preserve the Integrity of Markets?. Bird, H. L., Gilligan, G., Godwin, A., Hedges, J., Ramsay, I. (2016). An Empirical Analysis of the Use of Enforceable Undertakings by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission between 1 July 1998 and 31 December 2015. Britt III, T. M., Mak, S., Knight, L., Rozsa, J. (2013). International Securities and Capital Markets.Int'l Law.,47, 259. Bromberg, L., Gilligan, G., Ramsay, I. (2016). Enforcement of Financial Market Manipulation Laws: An International Comparison of Sanctions. Chitimira, H. (2015). The Regulation of Markert Manipulation in Australia: A Historical Cmparative Perspective [2015] PER 14.REGULATION,18(2), 1727-3781. Chitimira, H. (2015). The regulation of market manipulation in Australia: A historical comparative perspective.PER: Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad,18(2), 112-148. Coffee Jr, J. C., Sale, H., Henderson, M. T. (2015). Securities regulation: Cases and materials. Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) Cumming, D., Dannhauser, R., Johan, S. (2015). Financial market misconduct and agency conflicts: A synthesis and future directions.Journal of Corporate Finance,34, 150-168. Cumming, D., Dannhauser, R., Johan, S. (2015). Financial market misconduct and agency conflicts: A synthesis and future directions.Journal of Corporate Finance,34, 150-168. FAME DECORATOR AGENCIES PTY LIMITED v JEFFRIES INDUSTRIES LTD ORS, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Court of Appeal, [08 May 1998] French, D., Mayson, S., Mayson, S. W., Ryan, C. (2014).Mayson, French Ryan on company law. Oxford University Press, USA. Gitman, L. J., Juchau, R., Flanagan, J. (2015).Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Grinblatt, M., Titman, S. (2016).Financial markets corporate strategy. Hannigan, B. (2015).Company law. Oxford University Press, USA. Hanrahan, P. F., Ramsay, I., Stapledon, G. P. (2013). Commercial applications of company law. He, W. P., Lepone, A. (2014). Determinants of liquidity and execution probability in exchange operated dark pool: Evidence from the Australian Securities Exchange.Pacific-Basin Finance Journal,30, 1-16. Huang, R. H., Howson, N. C. (Eds.). (2017).Enforcement of Corporate and Securities Law. Cambridge University Press. Miglani, S., Ahmed, K., Henry, D. (2015). Voluntary corporate governance structure and financial distress: Evidence from Australia.Journal of Contemporary Accounting Economics,11(1), 18-30. North v Marra Developments Ltd[1981] HCA 68;(1981) 148 CLR 42 Sealy, L., Worthington, S. (2013).Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Securities Industry Act 1970 (NSW)

Lizards Evolution From Snakes Essays - Snake, Lizard, Monitor

Lizards Evolution From Snakes Many millions of years the planet was dominated by lizards great and small. It was a place ruled by the laws of natural selection where the only way to survive was to be able to defend yourself with what you had. It was a constant struggle for food, shelter, and supremacy. It was about survival of the fittest, because only if you were best suited to your environment would you have a chance at living to reproduce. Sometimes adapting to one's environment could create a whole new species altogether. During the time when dinosaurs walked the earth smaller lizards had to be creative to insure their survival. The dinosaurs, because of their size where the bullies of the earth. If lizards wanted food they had to some how sneak around the big dinosaurs in order to avoid becoming food themselves. A species of lizard known as the Ear-less Monitor seemed very well adapted to counteract this problem. Their eyes had a clear protective lens which allowed them to go into the water in search of food and bypass the land roaming dinosaurs all together. One major problem soon faced the Ear-less Monitors in their quest for nourishment. It seemed that the sea dwelling creatures had begun to catch on to the fact that these lizards were invading their territory for food. The sea dwellers reacted by praying on the lizards who came into the water to eat. After many deaths at sea one smart little Ear-less Monitor decided to try another approach at obtaining food. This particular Monitor was picked on by all of the other Monitors because he and his family had arms and legs that were shorter and smaller than everyone else's. The would tease him and his family saying that their gene pool had little genetic variation. But he did not let that get him down. He figured that with his stubby arms and legs that he could burrow under ground to find food. He used his clear protective lenses over his eyes to keep out dirt and rocks. He was sure that he could find some delicious earthworms and other things to feed himself. It was like an all you can eat buffet until all of the other short armed Monitors got the word. The short armed Monitors lived happily under ground while the rest of the species quickly died off. Over time genetic mutations occurred which eventually left the Monitors with no limbs at all. They just had long slender bodies which enabled them to burrow easily and quickly. In order to forget about the torment that their ancestors had been subjected to by the long armed Monitors the group decided to be known from that point on as snakes. The snakes soon decided to give life on Earth's surface another chance because now they were much quicker than the dinosaurs who had devoured the Monitors. They adapted to their new environment quickly with a leg-less mode of locomotion. Over time they evolved and developed more defense mechanisms to become the Snakes we know them as today. Many millions of years ago the planet was dominated by lizards great and small. It was a place ruled by the laws of natural selection where the only way to survive was to be able to defend yourself with what you had. It was a constant struggle for food, shelter, and supremacy. It was about survival of the fittest, because only if you were best suited to your environment would you have a chance at living to reproduce. Sometimes adapting to one's environment could create a whole new species altogether. During the time when dinosaurs walked the earth smaller lizards had to be creative to insure their survival. The dinosaurs, because of their size where the bullies of the earth. If lizards wanted food they had to some how sneak around the big dinosaurs in order to avoid becoming food themselves. A species of lizard known as the Ear-less Monitor seemed very well adapted to counteract this problem. Their eyes had a clear protective lens, which allowed them to go into the water in search of food and bypass the land. Roaming dinosaurs all together. One major problem soon faced the Ear-less Monitors in their quest for nourishment. It seemed that the sea dwelling creatures had begun to catch on to the fact that these lizards were invading their territory for food. The sea dwellers reacted by praying on the lizards who came into the water to eat. After many

Enigmas, Puzzles, and Riddles

Enigmas, Puzzles, and Riddles Enigmas, Puzzles, and Riddles Enigmas, Puzzles, and Riddles By Maeve Maddox On the day of the Iowa Caucus, pollster Ann Selzer made the following comment about Donald Trump: He’s just this riddle inside a puzzle. I immediately thought of Winston Churchill’s oft-repeated comment about Russia at the beginning of World War II: a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma. I couldn’t help wondering if Ms. Selzer chose the word puzzle because she felt that the general American public in 2016 were less likely to understand the word enigma than a general British public in 1939. But, I’m probably being uncharitable. Puzzle is a valid synonym for enigma, although not nearly as classy. Enigma is from Latin aenigma, â€Å"a riddle or a mystery.† The Latin noun is from a Greek verb meaning, â€Å"to speak allusively or obscurely.† Riddle is a word inherited from German. In Old English, riddle was the usual English translation of Latin aenigma and referred to what modern speakers, especially children, mean by riddle: â€Å"a question or statement intentionally phrased to require ingenuity in ascertaining its answer or meaning. For example, â€Å"How many psychiatrists does it take to change a light bulb?† Puzzle is of unknown origin. Its earliest English use was as a verb meaning, â€Å"to cause a person to be at a loss what to do; to create difficulties for someone.† The verb came to have several meanings, including these: to cause someone to feel confused because they cannot understand something. to perplex or bewilder the brain. to be at a loss how to act or decide to search in a bewildered or perplexed way The noun puzzle is derived from the verb and means â€Å"a perplexing question or a difficult problem.† It can also signify â€Å"a person who is difficult to understand.† Note: Selzer’s remark referred not so much to the man, but to his apparently inexplicable popularity with â€Å"moderate and mainstream† Republicans as well as with extremists. English has numerous words to convey something that is baffling or mentally challenging. Here are some others: mystery conundrum paradox quandary brainteaser Most are near synonyms. All imply something baffling or challenging, but they carry different connotations. A mystery invites speculation. A conundrum, like a riddle, is often phrased as a question. The answer usually involves a play on words or a twist in thinking. For example: What is greater than God, more evil than the devil, the poor have it, the rich need it, and if you eat it, youll die? (Answer: Nothing) A paradox seems absurd, but in reality expresses a certain truth. For example, â€Å"Youth is wasted on the young.† A quandary is a state of extreme perplexity. A person or a group is said to be â€Å"in a quandary,† as in this headline from The Gaffney Ledger: â€Å"Council still in a quandary over healthcare insurance.† Of the three words in the title of this post, puzzle is most frequent in a Google search (296,000,000), riddle next (140,200,000), and enigma last (64,400,000). The figure for enigma is no doubt inflated because of the popularity of the word in the entertainment industry. References to the German â€Å"enigma machine† probably also account for some of the results. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund Phrases"Have" vs "Having" in Certain ExpressionsWood vs. Wooden